Ref Type: Journal Article
Authors: Krohn,Franklin B.,
Title: A generational approach to using emoticons as nonverbal communication
Publication Full: Journal of Technical Writing & Communication
Year: 2004 Volume: 34 Issue: 4
Start Page: 321 Other Pages: 328
Descriptors: BUSINESS communication, DIGITAL communications, NONVERBAL communication, TELEMATICS, ELECTRONIC mail messages, INTERNET users, EMOTICONS,
Abstract:
The purpose of this article is to help determine whether the use of emoticons in computer mediated communication (CMC) are truly nonverbal cues. A review of the literature revealed that the traditional nonverbal theorists failed to predict the future employment of nonverbal cues in electronic CMC. A variety of emoticons are then described including the traditional happy face 3 and sad face 3, numerous variations of faces employing keyboard keys, a number of abbreviations commonly in use, and FLAMING. Inasmuch as emoticons are presently in widespread though informal use, the problem of how and what business communication instructors should teach about emoticons is discussed. The conclusion reached is that of a generational recipient determinism. It is recommended that recipients who are Traditionalists (born before 1946) should not be sent e-mail with emoticons; those who are Baby Boomers (those born between 1946 and 1964) probably should not be sent e-mail with emoticons; those who are Generation Xers (those born between 1964 and 1980) may be sent e-mail with some of the more common emoticons; and those who are termed Millenials (born after 1980 and coming of age after 2000) may be sent e-mail with generous use of emoticons. ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR Copyright of Journal of Technical Writing & Communication is the property of Baywood Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts); The purpose of this article is to help determine whether the use of emoticons in computer mediated communication (CMC) are truly nonverbal cues. A review of the literature revealed that the traditional nonverbal theorists failed to predict the future employment of nonverbal cues in electronic CMC. A variety of emoticons are then described including the traditional happy face 3 and sad face 3, numerous variations of faces employing keyboard keys, a number of abbreviations commonly in use, and FLAMING. Inasmuch as emoticons are presently in widespread though informal use, the problem of how and what business communication instructors should teach about emoticons is discussed. The conclusion reached is that of a generational recipient determinism. It is recommended that recipients who are Traditionalists (born before 1946) should not be sent e-mail with emoticons; those who are Baby Boomers (those born between 1946 and 1964) probably should not be sent e-mail with emoticons; those who are Generation Xers (those born between 1964 and 1980) may be sent e-mail with some of the more common emoticons; and those who are termed Millenials (born after 1980 and coming of age after 2000) may be sent e-mail with generous use of emoticons. ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR Copyright of Journal of Technical Writing & Communication is the property of Baywood Publishing Company, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts)
Notes:
id: 169; M3: Article; KROHN, FRANKLIN B. 1; Affiliations: 1: State University of New York at Fredonia; Issue Info: 2004, Vol. 34 Issue 4, p321; Thesaurus Term: BUSINESS communication; Thesaurus Term: DIGITAL communications; Thesaurus Term: NONVERBAL communication; Thesaurus Term: TELEMATICS; Thesaurus Term: ELECTRONIC mail messages; Thesaurus Term: INTERNET users; Subject Term: EMOTICONS; Number of Pages: 8p; Document Type: Article
Links: NULL
Extra Data: NULL
URL: NULL
Retrieved Date:January 1, 1970
Editors: NULL
Book Title: NULL
Series Title: NULL
Publisher: Baywood Publishing Company, Inc
Place Of Publication: NULL
Issn Isbn: 472816